There seem to have been more such words in Middle English than after, e.g. Often merely intensive, and in many of the older borrowings from French and Latin the precise sense of re- is forgotten, lost in secondary senses, or weakened beyond recognition, so that it has no apparent semantic content ( receive, recommend, recover, reduce, recreate, refer, religion, remain, request, require). OED writes that it is "impossible to attempt a complete record of all the forms resulting from its use," and adds that "The number of these is practically infinite. The many meanings in the notion of "back" give re- its broad sense-range: "a turning back opposition restoration to a former state "transition to an opposite state." From the extended senses in "again," re- becomes "repetition of an action," and in this sense it is extremely common as a formative element in English, applicable to any verb. In some English words from French and Italian re- appears as ra- and the following consonant is often doubled (see rally (v.1)). In earliest Latin the prefix became red- before vowels and h-, a form preserved in redact, redeem, redolent, redundant, redintegrate, and, in disguise, render (v.). Watkins (2000) describes this as a "Latin combining form conceivably from Indo-European *wret-, metathetical variant of *wert- "to turn." De Vaan says the "only acceptable etymology" for it is a 2004 explanation which reconstructs a root in PIE *ure "back." 1200, from Old French re- and directly from Latin re- an inseparable prefix meaning "again back anew, against." Burmese: နား (my) ( na: ), အနားယူ (my) ( a.Word-forming element meaning "back, back from, back to the original place " also "again, anew, once more," also conveying the notion of "undoing" or "backward," etc.Breton: please add this translation if you can.Bashkir: please add this translation if you can.Aymara: please add this translation if you can.Aragonese: please add this translation if you can.Amharic: please add this translation if you can.Slovak: please add this translation if you can.Scottish Gaelic: fois f, socair f, tàmh m.Portuguese: paz (pt) f, tranquilidade (pt) f.Ngazidja Comorian: utrulivu 11, uvumzi 11.
Khmer: please add this translation if you can.French: paix (fr) f, repos (fr) m, ( literary ) quiétude (fr) f.Finnish: rauha (fi), tyyneys (fi), rauhallisuus (fi).Spanish: descanso (es) m, reposo (es) m, holganza (es) f.Portuguese: descanso (pt) m, repouso (pt) m.Galician: descanso m, repouso m, asueto m, folga (gl) f.Finnish: tauko (fi), paussi (fi), lepotauko (fi).Uzbek: dam (uz), istirohat (uz), olmoq (uz).Scottish Gaelic: anail f, fois f, tàmh m.Portuguese: repouso (pt) m, descanso (pt) m.Latgalian: atpyuta, pyusšonuos, romonys.Gujarati: please add this translation if you can.Dutch: nachtrust (nl), rust (nl) m or f.( uncountable, of a person or animal ) Relief from work or activity by sleeping sleep.Rest ( countable and uncountable, plural rests) Cognate with West Frisian rêst ( “ rest ” ), Dutch rust ( “ rest ” ), German Rast ( “ rest ” ), Swedish rast ( “ rest ” ), Norwegian rest ( “ rest ” ), Icelandic röst ( “ rest ” ), Old Irish árus ( “ dwelling ” ), German Ruhe ( “ calm ” ), Albanian resht ( “ to stop, pause ” ), Welsh araf ( “ quiet, calm, gentle ” ), Lithuanian rovà ( “ calm ” ), Ancient Greek ἐρωή ( erōḗ, “ rest, respite ” ), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬨𐬈 ( a irime, “ calm, peaceful ” ), Sanskrit रमते ( rámate, “ he stays still, calms down ” ), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 ( rimis, “ tranquility ” ). From Middle English rest, reste, from Old English ræst, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- ( “ rest ” ).
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